Abacus numerals, which seem to facilitate mathematics instruction, were developed using the concept of the binary system to form decimal numerals. This would allow addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to be performed based solely on the knowledge of the form of the numerals and a few simple rules(no knowledge of multiplication table is required for calculation).

It has 7 different ranks. The order of the ranks from the lowest is "ma", "mu", "mi", "ta", "tu", "ti", and "sa". Two circles at the same rank are eqyuvalent with one circle at one rank higher. The numerals are created by putting circles of the number at rank "ma" and making the number of circle least according to the above rule. The numeral with a circle in "ta" and another in "mu" is 10, and is equivalent with A cirlce in "ma" of one order higher(decimal system).

Results of addition and subtraction are obtained by joining the Abacus Numerals. Subtracted numerals are joined by full circle or cross. A circle and a full circle at the same rank cancels out. They seem to effective for numeracy in prevention of spread of AIDS and in prevention of population crisis, together with Universal Alphabet for Literacy (1), because both are strongly related with poverty and ignorance (2-5). These numerals were taught to several developmentally challenged individuals. After only 4 days of instruction, they were able to add, subtract, and multiply with little assistance. An International Numeration System is proposed based on the form of abacus numerals in order to facilitate international communication. In addition, A new abacus is proposed.

(1) Y.Hayakawa, Universal Alphabet for Literacy Against AIDS and Population Crisis. Abstracts of the 12th World Congress of Sexology, pp.54, Yokohama, 12-16 August, 1995.

(2) L.E.Brown and H. Kane, Full House: Reassessing the Earth's Carrying Capability, (W.W.Norton & Co., New York, 1994), Chapter 5.

(3) Yomiuri Shinbunsha, Shikiji (Literacy: in Japanese), (Akashi Publishing Co., Tokyo, 1990).

(4) H.Hirose, Jinrui ni totte Eizu towa Nanika(What are the implications of AIDS to Mankind: in Japanese), (Nihon Hoosoo Kyookai Shuppan Kyookai, Tokyo, 1994), Chapter 1.

(5) Abacus Numerals for Literacy Against AIDS and Population Crisis, Yoshinori Hayakawa, Abstract of the12th World Congress of Sexology, pp.53, Yokohama, 12-16 August, 1995.