|
cantare
|
vendere
|
aprire
|
pulire
|
||||
|
cantavo
cantavi cantava |
vendevo
vendevi vendeva |
aprivo
aprivi apriva |
pulivo
pulivi puliva |
||||
|
cantavamo
cantavate cantavano |
vendevamo
vendevate vendevano |
aprivamo
aprivate aprivano |
pulivamo
pulivate pulivano |
||||
|
Verbi
con radici (stems) irregolari
(tutti
si credono verbi in –ere) |
l’unico
diavolo
|
|
|||||
|
bere
(bev-)
|
dire
(dic-)
|
fare
(fac-)
|
essere J
|
|
|||
|
bevevo
bevevi beveva |
dicevo
dicevi diceva |
facevo
facevi faceva |
ero
eri era |
|
|||
|
bevevamo
bevevate bevevano |
dicevamo
dicevate dicevano |
facevamo
facevate facevano |
eravamo
eravate erano |
|
|||
All
verbs have aspect. That is,
they can show whether an action is viewed as the being at the beginning,
completed, or on-going. In
English, the speaker often can choose whether or not to express this distinction,
but in Italian, when speaking in the past, the expression of aspect is
mandatory.
The
imperfect expresses actions that are viewed as on-going (“middle” aspect). In
a narration, it “sets the scene” by describing mental, emotional or physical
states, expressing habitual actions, the state of weather, time, and age,
and actions that were in progress when something else occurred. Certain
expressions often serve as cues that the imperfect will be needed: di
solito, sempre, una
volta (as in once upon a time; one time ? passato prossimo), il
lunedì. Actions
in the imperfect do not advance whatever story is being told. Instead
they provide background information needed to prepare the hearer/reader
for what took place.